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81.
RAPD fingerprints for identification and for taxonomic studies of elite poplar (Populus spp.) clones
S. Castiglione G. Wang G. Damiani C. Bandi S. Bisoffi F. Sala 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,87(1-2):54-59
RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) fingerprints have recently been used to estimate genetic and taxonomic relationships in plants. In this study RAPD analysis was performed on 32 clones belonging to different species of the genus Populus. Of these, 25 clones are registered in several countries for commercial use and, altogether, cover almost 50% of the worlds cultivated poplars. DNA was prepared from leaves and amplified by PCR using random oligonucleotide primers. Amplification products were separated by agarose-gel electrophoresis to reveal band polymorphisms. Four primers out of the 18 tested, were selected on the basis of the number and frequency of the polymorphisms produced. With these a total of 120 different DNA bands were reproducibly obtained, 92% of which were polymorphic. The polymorphisms were scored and used in band-sharing analyses to identify genetic relationships. With a few but interesting exceptions, these are consistent with the present taxonomy of the genus Populus and with the known predigrees of cultivated poplars. Moreover, the results show that RAPD analysis allows one to discriminate among all tested clones and can, therefore, be recommended as a convenient tool to defend plant breeders rights. 相似文献
82.
Identification of RAPD markers linked to a major rust resistance gene block in common bean 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
S. D. Haley P. N. Miklas J. R. Stavely J. Byrum J. D. Kelly 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,86(4):505-512
Rust in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), caused byUromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var.appendiculatus [ =U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.], is a major disease problem and production constraint in many parts of the world. The predominant form of genetic control of the pathogen is a series of major genes which necessitate the development of efficient selection strategies. Our objective was focused on the identification of RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers linked to a major bean rust resistance gene block enabling marker-based selection and facilitating resistance gene pyramiding into susceptible bean germplasm. Using pooled DNA samples of genotyped individuals from two segregating populations, we identified two RAPD markers linked to the gene block of interest. One such RAPD, OF10970 (generated by a 5-GGAAGCTTGG-3 decamer), was found to be closely linked (2.15±1.50 centi Morgans) in coupling with the resistance gene block. The other identified RAPD, OI19460 (generated by a 5-AATGCGGGAG-3 decamer), was shown to be more tightly linked (also in coupling) than OF10970 as no recombinants were detected among 97 BC6F2 segregating individuals in the mapping population. Analysis of a collection of resistant and susceptible cultivars and experimental lines, of both Mesoamerican and Andean origin, revealed that: (1) recombination between OF10970 and the gene block has occurred as evidenced by the presence of the DNA fragment in several susceptible genotypes, (2) recombination between OI19460 and the gene block has also occurred indicating that the marker is not located within the gene block itself, and (3) marker-facilitated selection using these RAPD markers, and another previously identified, will enable gene pyramiding in Andean germplasm and certain Mesoamerican bean races in which the resistance gene block does not traditionally exist. Observations of variable recombination among Mesoamerican bean races suggested suppression of recombination between introgressed segments and divergent recurrent backgrounds.Research supported by the Michigan Agricultural Research Station and the USDA-ARS. Mention of a trademark or a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable 相似文献
83.
K. Wolff E. D. Schoen J. Peters-Van Rijn 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,86(8):1033-1037
Many conditions of the RAPD reaction procedure may influence the result. This paper presents rapid detection of influential factors with a fractional factorial experiment. A more extensive study of these factors is also presented. Polymerase brand, thermal cycler brand, annealing temperature, and primer, are important factors in obtaining good DNA yields and optimal fragment patterns. Each primer has its optimal annealing temperature, and this is not correlated with the GC content of the primer. Optimal species-primer combinations have to be found by trial and error. 相似文献
84.
人白细胞介素-3(humanInterleukin3,hIL-3)是一种造血前体细胞早期分化的关键调节因子。用PCR方法从人T淋巴细胞cDNA文库中扩增出0.44kb的DNA片段,并克隆入pUC19载体中。经DNA序列测定,确定0.44kb的PCR产物合完整的编码人白细胞介素-3成熟蛋白cDNA序列,并在信号肽与成熟蛋白编码序列之间通过突变引入了限制性内切酶位点和ATG起始密码。构建的PL启动子控制下的hIL-3cDNA表达质粒,转入大肠杆菌Tap106,经42℃热诱导,获得hIL-3的表达产物。SDS-PAGE电泳显示表达产物为15kd,约占细菌总蛋白的15%。表达产物经ELISA和Western-blot验证。hIL-3表达产物在细胞内形成包涵体,纯化包涵体,使产物纯度提高到70.8%,产物复性后,能明显促进hIL-3依赖细胞株生长,具有明显的生物活性。产物转移到PVDF膜后进行N端序列分析,N端16个氨基酸正确。 相似文献
85.
86.
丙型肝炎病毒RNA打点杂交检测方法同RT-PCR方法的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用HCV基因组结构区C区cDNA探针和非结构区NS3-4区cDNA探针,建立了用打点杂交(dotblothybridization)检测血清中HCVRNA的方法,同采用HCV基因组5’端非编码区的一对寡核苷酸引物通过逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测血清中HCVRNA的方法相比较,发现两种方法都能快速早期和特异地检出血清中HCVRNA,但RT-PCR法敏感性优于RNA打点杂交法。对于无血清学指标的慢性NANB肝炎病人的诊断,可采用这两种方法。这两种方法的敏感性在很大程度上依赖于引物和探针的敏感性,以及RNA提取方法。RT-PCR法适用于诊断病毒血症和复制,打点杂交法适用于研究HCVRNA量的变化,对治疗的评价,以及为实验筛选较高滴度的HCVRNA阳性样本。 相似文献
87.
88.
89.
采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术,对HPV-18序列中引物HP_1、HP_2之间的片段(F)进行扩增,通过两组阴、阳性对照实验证明扩增片段的特异性。用不同Mg浓度的缓冲系统进行PCR反应发现,缓冲系统中Mg浓度高低是影响HPV-18/HP_1、HP_2特异扩增的重要因素,高浓度Mg导致扩增特异性降低。对17例宫颈癌组织DNA进行PCR检测,有9例检出F片段,其检出率是53%,为HPV-18与宫颈癌的相关性提供证据。 相似文献
90.
PCR和生物素探针对HFRSV的检测和分型的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析比较肾综合征出血热病毒(HFRSV)76/118株和R_(22)株的核苷酸序列,根据引物设计原则及检测分型的目的,设计并合成了3对引物。1对引物取于两毒株间的高同源区段,作为共同引物和外引物;另两对引物取于两毒株间的低同源区段,分别作为野鼠型引物、家鼠型引物和内引物。建立了DNA聚合酶链反应(PCR)和NestPCR方法,并用NcstPCR合成了两种型特异的生物素探针。PCR检测76/118、A_9、陈、R_2、R_225个毒株,用外引物时均扩增出1条约300bp的条带;用内引物的野鼠型引物时,除R_(22)株之外,其余4株均扩增出1条约70bp的条带。斑点杂交试验证实了PCR检测分型的准确性。NestPCR和生物素探针斑点杂交试验可以测出1-10bg的目的cDNA。 相似文献